Search Engines: How They Work

A search engine is a program which searches the various documents for specified keywords and gives a list of the documents where the keywords are matching. The search engine is only a general class of programs. However, in practice this phrase is used to describe searches made for documents on the World Wide Web.

Search engines generally refer to the process of looking through a gathered database of HTML documents. There are three ways that engines gather their information. The first is through robot information gathering, the second is through human information submission and then there is the one that is a combination of the two.

Search engines that use automated software agents termed as crawlers are known as crawler-based search engines. The crawlers visit the web site, read the information including the site's meta tags and traces the links that the site attaches to performing indexing on all linked Web sites

The crawler returns all that information back to a central or main depository, where the data is indexed. The crawler will periodically return to the sites to verify for any information that has changed. The frequency with which this happens is determined by the administrators of the engine.

Many of the possible search engines rely upon human intervention. People must pick the most significant words or regions of text, which are then added to the index. Whatever text is not chosen will not become part of the index. Remember, the quality of a search engine is highly dependent upon the scheme it uses to build an index.

When you use a search engine to look for something, you are not actually going out on the internet and looking at existing web pages. Search engines use large databases of information that are collected, indexed and periodically updated. These databases are looked through when you do a search to find relevant information. This is why you can sometimes get dead links in a search if that link has not had its index and information updated since the link went bad.

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- jason ciment